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Solidago gigantea
It really is a wonderful side-of-the-road weed, showing a brilliant fall color of yellow. In recent years many have taken to cultivating it in the garden. It makes a wonderful middle of the bed plant. There are at least 125 species, most of them in North America. They vary in heights from two to four feet tall. Interestingly enough these are perennial weeds, even though they are killed by frost each fall. This plant in colonial days was used as a dye and many weavers still use the plant for this purpose. This is great in a meadow garden. Some questions from Emily's mailbox: Q: In Minnesota we have identified an allergy to rag weed. Is that the same plant as golden rod?? A: No. Common ragweed is Ambrosia artemisiifolia or some other species of Ambrosia (the daisy or aster family, ASTERACEAE). This is the cause of much allergy and hay fever. Goldenrod has a much more pronounced yellow flower and could be any number of species of Solidago. (Also in the daily or aster family, though). You can probably get some good info on either by typing in the Latin name in Google.
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Basically
known as goldenrods and as butterweed, congleweed, golden ragwort,
sqawweed, wild valeria, or golden groundsel.